Everything in Common Lisp is an expression.
An expression is either a single thing (called an atom) or a list of things (delimited with parenthesis: ()
).
All S-Expressions, like symbols, can be quoted:
;; This line is evaluated as code
(gimme-foo) ; => FOO
;; This line is treated as data
'(gimme-foo) ; => (GIMME-FOO)
This quoting prevents the evaluation of an S-expression, instead treating it like data. Here is an excellent Stack Overflow Answer discussing quoting in a bit more detail.